Doc Noss and the Victorio Peak $3 billion in gold

A customer came to the store today and we got to visiting about this and that and he was telling me about how he has found some Indian artifacts, belt buckles from the civil war, etc and then I told him about the gold coin going for $650 million at auction. Then he began to tell me the story of Victorio Peak and the gold found there.

In 1979 Ova Noss stood on the side of Victorio Peak posing for photos when she told the group, “Like they say, ´there´s gold inthem thar hills´.” Ova Noss died later in 1979 but The Ova Noss Family Partnership is back on White Sands Missile Range seeking access to the legendary treasure.

One of the people accompanying Ova Noss in 1979 was Terry Delonas, her grandson. Delonas is the head of the family partnership and has been leading the effort to gain entry into Victorio Peak.

early 1989 the partnership approached the Dept. of Army seeking permission to talk to White Sands about possible entry into Victorio Peak. Taking on much of the effort has been Norman Scott´s Expeditions Unlimited out of Florida. Scott has been in the treasure hunting business for years and organized the hunt which took place at Victorio Peak in 1977.

For those of you unfamiliar with this story Victorio Peak is a small hill, about 400 feet high, in the Hembrillo Basin in the San Andres Mountains. The peak is about five miles east of the missile range´s western boundary and is almost directly west of the White Sands Space Harbor.

Victorio Peak

A man named Milton Noss, in 1937, supposedly found a treasure trove of Spanish gold and artifacts in a tunnel within the peak. He then claimed he accidentally sealed the tunnel in 1939 while trying to enlarge it—and another fabulous treasure was lost. It gets pretty good as it involves skeletons, jewels and gold bars the seekers say are now worth three billion dollars.

The Dept. of Army granted Terry Delonas and Norman Scott permission to talk to Maj. Gen. Thomas Jones, missile range commander. After listening to the presentation, the general told the group he would allow the exploration of Victorio Peak on two conditions. The first was that all the work be done on a noninterference basis. The second was that White Sands be directly reimbursed for any support it would provide.

The first condition was readily agreed to. While Victorio Peak sits in the mountains very near the range´s boundary it is part of the Yonder Area, an Air Force gunnery range. When Air Force training missions as well as some missile firings are scheduled the searchers will have to evacuate the area.

The second condition was a little trickier. Suffice it to say the system did not allow the partnership to pay White Sands directly. The check would be made out to the U.S. Treasury and the money would disappear back East. The partnership approached Congressman Joe Skeen and he attached a rider to the Defense Authorization Act for 1990 which would allow direct reimbursement to the Army and WSMR.

With the signing of the money bill, Norman Scott, acting as Project Director for the partnership, arranged to conduct an environmental and engineering survey of Victorio Peak. He arrived on Jan. 8 to present the missile range with a check for $54,000 and to start the survey. The check was actually presented by Aaron Kin, a financial backer.

The money is to cover costs incurred by the range during the survey period. Some of this support includes security at the peak by the military police, scheduling by National Range, blading the old road by the Directorate for Engineering, Housing and Logistics and Public Affairs support for a press day at the peak.

During the two-week survey period the group was trying to figure out the best place to dig and, also, to conduct the required environmental work. To determine where the supposed treasure room might be Lambert Dolphin was back taking ground radar readings of the peak. Dolphin had a similar function during the gold search of 1977 and is under contract to Expeditions Unlimited. They also made infrared images of the peak and brought in a number of witnesses to try to determine where to dig.

Les Smith, another man with a great deal of experience with Victorio Peak was also present to help. Smith accompanied Ova Noss to the peak in 1979 and was with the Gaddis Mining Company when it searched for the gold for 60 days in 1963.

The environmental work was contracted out by the partnership and is a key point yet. Contrary to what the press has said, the family partnership does not have final permission to dig at the peak. A license has been negotiated with the partnership but it has not been signed. It will not be signed until the required environmental documentation is satisfactorily completed.

Once the environmental work is completed and the license signed, the partnership will be allowed to work at the peak as long as they keep enough money in a White Sands fund to pay for range support. Jones has made it very clear he does not want the taxpayer to foot the bill for this search. The group claims it will have the environmental work complete in April.

During the two-week study period, Scott and Delonas brought in a number of potential contractors to bid on work which will have to be done at the peak.

On the 18th the missile range cooperated with the family partnership to give the press an opportunity to see and photograph Victorio Peak. The press representatives were mostly local except for the Denver Post and the Houston Chronicle.

The day started with a press conference at the Hilton Hotel in Las Cruces where Delonas and Scott introduced their key employees and supporters. In questioning by the press Delonas said the project will probably cost the partnership and its supporters from one to two million dollars.

At the peak, Ova Noss´ two daughters, Letha Guthrie and Dorothy Delonas, and two grandsons, Terry and Jim Delonas, were continuously interviewed by members of the press. Letha and Dorothy told them about handling gold bars and Letha also told them how their stepfather once partially filled a glass jar with uncut rubies from the peak. No one asked where the rubies might have come from since there are no major deposits of rubies in North or South America. Rubies can be found in North Carolina, South Carolina, Montana, and Wyoming. 90 percent come from Mynmar. The most famous rubies in the world, the Burmese Rubies, so that is not the case rubies

How the gold was found & how it got there

Stories of lost and buried treasure abound in the West. In New Mexico alone there are dozens of legends and stories dealing with gold and silver hidden away in the recesses of one mountain chain or another.

One of the newer and most popular stories (it comes close to rivaling the Lost Dutchman in the Superstition Mountains of Arizona) deals with Victorio Peak, right here on White Sands Missile Range. It is typical of all lost treasure stories in that there is little or no hard evidence, there are a few facts mixed in with an avalanche of rumor and for some reason the location is lost or it is somehow now inaccessible.

The Victorio Peak story begins in November 1937 when Milton E. Noss went hunting in the Hembrillo Basin of the San Andres Mountains. By the way, Noss is also called “Doc” because he often passed himself off as a doctor. He was not and was reportedly arrested in Texas for practicing medicine without a license.

While hunting Noss supposedly climbed Victorio Peak to take a look around. On his way up it began to rain and he took shelter in a natural opening on top. In a small room there he moved a large boulder and discovered a shaft leading down into the mountain.

He came back later with his wife Ova and climbed down into the shaft. He supposedly followed the faults in the peak down several hundred feet until he found a large room. After exploring the large room and several other small ones he returned to the surface.

By most of the accounts, he reported to Ova he had found a room large enough to drive a train into. Through it, a stream of cold water ran. There were chests filled with Spanish coins, jewelry and religious artifacts. Also, there were Spanish documents, Wells Fargo chests and thousands of gold bars stacked like wood. Finally, there were 27 skeletons tethered to the floor.

Understandably, the value of this treasure has grown over the years with inflation and the increased value of gold. Years ago some estimated its value at 26 million dollars. Now the Noss family says it may be worth three billion dollars. Funny thing about inflation though. All those original reports say there were 27 skeletons. Now, in one report, the family is saying there are 79 bony guardians down there.

From 1937 to 1939 Noss and his wife supposedly worked to bring the treasure to the surface. During this time Noss worked diligently hauling up bars and hiding them all around the region. He never let Ova go down into the treasure chamber and he always hid the bars himself. Some say he didn´t trust anyone. She claimed he was worried about her getting hurt or kidnapped.

Apparently there was some sort of choke point in the fissure which made it difficult getting out with the loot. So Noss hired a mining engineer to dynamite that point and enlarge it. Too much explosive was used and the “squeeze” was blasted shut. Efforts to open the shaft or bypass it proved futile.

Before we continue this story we have to consider where this alleged treasure may have come from. The most written about and talked about source has to be the legendary Padre La Rue mine.

This legend is usually associated with the Organ Mountains, but what the heck, Victorio Peak is only 40 miles to the north. Around 1800 there was a young priest named La Rue working with a small Indian tribe in Mexico. He befriended an old Spanish soldier who, on his deathbed, told La Rue about a fabulous vein of gold just two days north of Paso del Norte (El Paso).

Because the crops were failing and the Indians starving, the padre led the group to this area and found the rich vein. What they found to eat I don´t know, but the story says they did mine the gold for several years.

The Spanish sent soldiers to find out what had happened to the padre. When La Rue heard they were coming he had the Indians hide the gold and all evidence of the mine. They were then captured by the Spanish who killed the padre and all his followers in a vain attempt to find the location to the mine.

Many people will have you believe that Noss found the original mine, while others say it is just the secret hiding place. Ova did produce a photograph of some gold bars which Doc brought up and one is clearly stamped with the name “La Rue.” Could Victorio be the site of the original mine or the hiding place with the mine located somewhere in the vicinity?

I agree with my customer, life is a treasure hunt. Apparently he has relatives who did find some of the treasures belonging to the pirate Jean Lafitte. And for sure that is anther story.

 

Rare Finds

OK, everyone get out your metal detector or if you do not have one, buy one. On June 6, a gold coin that dates back to ancient Rome which was discovered in a field earlier this year by a man with a metal detector sold at auction for £552,000 (about $695,000), no need to explain getting a metal detector.

That is five times the coin’s original £70,000–£100,000 estimate. The rare find attracted fierce bidding over the phone and online.

The 4.31-gram coin is described as little bigger than a penny. It is believed to date back to A.D. 293–296, to the reign of Roman-British emperor Allectus. Known as an aureus, just 24 such coins are known to exist. Rare does not begin to describe this find

The cool part is the finder shared the money with the farmer who owns the land. I am sure he will welcome anyone with a metal detector in hand should someone show up. What a find. Hearty congratulations to the finder and the farmer, and to whoever won the auction and now has possession of the coin. It is quite an unbelievable find, rare coin in a field, go figure. As well as being one of the world’s most expensive Roman coins, it is the most money ever paid for a coin of Allectus, and it is now the most valuable Roman coin minted in Britain to have been sold at auction…. The only other [coin] known struck from the same pair of dyes is in the British Museum.” Remarkable.

 

Featuring nearly 400 jewels and objects spanning 500 years, the Christie’s New York Maharajas & Mughal Magnificenceauction showcases an unprecedented group of jewels, gemstones, and decorative objects from the Mughal period to the age of the maharajas. Exploring the creative dialogue between India and the West, these significant historical pieces are complemented by important 20th-century creations from the houses of Bulgari, Cartier, and Mauboussin, Bhagat, and JAR. The sale is being marketed as a landmark event that’s expected to exceed the record for its most valuable jewelry auction to date (the Christie’s December 2011 Elizabeth Taylor sale, which totaled $144 million, is the one to beat). it is just possible this auction may do just that, beat the Elizabeth Taylor auction. The pieces offered for auction will be outstanding pieces of jewelry. The pieces are historic and come from the most famous and very very well known house, whose reputation in the jewelry industry are top of the line, bar none.

Brooch with pear-shaped, rose-cut, and circular diamonds, and a 20.03 ct. emerald bead in platinum signed “Bhagat.” Estimate: $100,000–$150,000. The bidding will begin on June 19, 2019.

At the Las Vegas show for JCK magazine, there were sights to behold and stunning pieces of jewelry. It would be hard to pick a favorite, but one of the editors for the magazine did just that. It’s like hunting for treasure, strolling the aisles brimming with goods from companies all over the world. Her favorite find this time came from the Bella Italia pavilion, from a company called Sigi Group. There was a showcase display of colorful, fancy jewels—one of them this ring, a fiesta for the finger.

At its center, a Burmese sapphire, unheated, in the most wonderful shade of blue-green (or is it green-blue?), surrounded by a bouquet of multicolor sapphire briolettes, an explosion of confetti color. The baguette diamonds running down the ring’s band are a nice touch, too. It would be difficult not to single out this ring, it is a beauty.

Sigi Group was founded by Radha Raman Rawat in 1975. and is based in Bangkok, but the company was, in fact, located within the Bella Italia pavilion at the show. After doing some digging, it was discovered that the company does have a location in Alessandra, Italy, so there’s the connection. Sigi is run by Rawat, along with his brothers Rishi and Abhishek, who serve as co-CEOs. An unheated blue-green sapphire is I am sure a sight to behold. And I would love to without a shadow of a doubt be able to see this in person.

Thank you JCK Magazine

Brittany Siminitz

Metropolitan Museum of fine Art to display David Webb zebra bracelet

Metropolitan Museum of Art in NY will display David Webb’s iconic Zebra Bracelet. “Why Not Hang Gems?’ for the New York Herald Tribune, in which he argues, “Jewels, though more personal than paintings, should be treated as great works of art, which they surely are. Collections of great jewelry should be exhibited to the public as are other great works of art.” Mr. Webb wrote this in 1963. He has a point, some pieces of jewelry stand out and are very simply magnificent works of art. This bracelet happens to be one of them, The exhibit spans 300 years of jewelry in America; the David Webb bracelet, a zebra design expressed in black and white enamel, is from 1963.

Today, the Zebra is one of the house’s most recognizable and sought-after style icons. Its image is even projected onto the window shades of the chandelier-lit workshop on New York City’s Madison Avenue, glowing like a hologram or a benevolent spirit.

david webb sketch of the zebra bracelet

Over the years, the animal has lent its stripes to everything from brooches to pendant earrings. (Diana Vreeland, new to her role as editor of Vogue, owned one of the first Zebra bracelets and seems to have used it as a muse for a September 1964 cover, complete with the model flashing a David Webb zebra motif cocktail ring.)

moonstone and platinum necklace by Louis Comfort Tiffany

There are some great designers around but, how individual is the piece, is it really a truly special piece. We would all have a pick at what might be considered a work of art or not. If there happens to be thousands of the same thing, it does not fall in the this special category. There are some super expensive pieces our there but again a work of art?

citrine and seed pearl ring by George Bell

This is the first David Webb design to be acquired by the Met for its permanent collection. Today’s Zebra bracelet is hand-crafted by the son of the original craftsman and enameled by the house’s expert enamel artist. Pretty spectacular. There are many other pieces that made it for display by other designers.

Marie Zimmerman indicolite tourmaline cabochon gold and enamel

There were photographs of other pieces of course, some they guessed at the designer because of its similarities to other pieces by the same House or individual.

Diamond pearl and platinum “probably by Tiffany.’

The featured image Tiffany circa 1878? thank you JCK magazine for the David Webb bracelet, and the Met for the photos of the exhibit pieces. Go to the Met website to view all the pieces .

House of Chanel, enamel, Ivory, gold and precious gems.

Summer reading list 5 Jewelry books for the beach

Summer is here for sure in Houston, and if jewelry books appeal to you here is a list, find which one appeals to you the most. Take it to the beach, relaxing under an umbrella or sitting in a baby pool filled with ice cubes covered with umbrella also works. Just a suggestion.

These books read like novels and if you are interested in learning more about the industry or inspiring designs . These books are new and soon to be released, some may already be out there.

The Cartier Collection of Jewelry

This book showcases over 3,000 pieces of Cartier Jewelry from 1860 to the present. This requires a 2 volume edition. The book also showcases pieces owned by Collectors, Queen Elizabeth, The Duchess of Windsor, Daisy Fellowes, Barbara Hutton, the Maharaja of Patiala along with rare brooches, necklaces, and necklaces from the 1960’s and the 1970’s. There have been quite a few books published about Cartier jewelry but this on encompasses a longer time period and a lot more items.

Corbella Milano: The First Italian Manufacturer of Jewellery and Weapons for the Theatre 
By Bianca Cappello, edited by Angelica Corbella 

The Corbella Co. was a Milanese manufacturer of jewelry and weapons for the theater in the 1800s and had a long and, well, dramatic history. This book traces its history, according to the publisher, “from the boom in industry in Milan after Italian unification through to the convulsions of 21st-century globalization―and documents some of the company’s most extraordinary objects, reconstructing a fascinating chapter in the history of Italian craft and manufacturing, and theater history and Design. No way to leave Italy out any historic jewelry books. The Italian talents and master of their craft is respected the world over.

Diamond Jewelry: 700 Years of Glory and Glamour
By Diana Scarisbrick

This richly illustrated social history of diamond jewelry—out in late summer—is “told through the stories of the European rulers and socialites who commissioned and wore them,” according to its prerelease statement. Diamonds owned and worn by Louis XIV of France, Queen Elizabeth I, Elizabeth Taylor, and others are spotlighted in more than 300 photographs and illustrations. A great book to peek in the jewelry boxes of the rich and famous.

Understanding Northwest Coast Indigenous Jewelry: The Art, the Artists, the History
By Alexander Dawkins with a foreword by Corrine Hunt 

In this new book, Alexander Dawkins delves into why hand-engraved jewelry from the Pacific Northwest coast is “among the most distinctive, innovative, and highly sought-after art being produced in North America today.” He explores the backstories and histories of every jewelry technique and provides a step-by-step overview of various techniques. Additionally, the book delves into the history of the art form, “from the earliest horn and copper cuff bracelets to cutting-edge contemporary works and everything in between.” This falls into a category that unless you are in the industry or have extensive knowledge of all the different art forms and jewelry designs, this should be an eye opener.

Nubian Gold book

Nubian Gold: Ancient Jewelry from Sudan and Egypt
By Peter Lacovara and Yvonne J. Markowitz

This book dives into the work and legacy of the jewelry-makers of the fabled land of Nubia—a name that actually means “gold” and was famous in ancient times “for its supplies of precious metal, exotic material, and intricate craftsmanship,” according to the book’s literature, which further details, “Many of the adornments made in Nubia are masterpieces of the jeweler’s art―marvels of design and construction rivaling, and often surpassing, adornments made in Egypt and the rest of the ancient Mediterranean world.” Can’t wait to discover them. This book speaks for itself, chock full of gold masterpieces.

Courtesy JCK Magazine

Are “Neonics” Killing Honey Bees?

Save the bees!!!!!

bees

story featured on NPR tonight led off with “[e]nvironmentalists and beekeepers are calling on the government to ban some of the country’s most widely used insect-killing chemicals.”  These pesticides, called neonicotinoids or neonics, for short, coat the seeds of many agricultural crops, including corn. When a seed sprouts and grows, the sticky, chemical coating spreads through the whole plant and poisons insects, like aphids, when they eat the plant.

corn planter

Christian Krupke, a professor of entomology at Purdue University in Indiana, has investigated reports of bees dying in large numbers in the Midwest.  Neonics have been detected on them.  He wondered how thesebees came into contact with chemicals on seeds buried under dirt?  Professor Krupke points to the machines that plant corn by using air pressure to push the neonic covered seeds from storage bin to soil along with a talc or graphite to permit smooth movement. The air, along with some of the powder, then blows out through a vent in the machine.  Professor Krupke tested this planter exhaust and found neonic pesticide levels 700,000 times more than what it takes to kill a honeybee. This dust lands on nearby flowers, which bees feed on.  Notably, the documented bee die-offs have all occurred during planting season.

corn
bayer

Last week, a coalition of environmental groups and beekeepers sued the EPA, demanding rescission of its earlier approval of the two most prominent neonicotinoids, clothianidin and thiamethoxam.  Plaintiffs include four beekeepers, Steve Ellis of Old Mill Honey (MN, CA), Jim Doan of Doan Family Farms (NY), Tom Theobald of Niwot Honey Farm (CO) and Bill Rhodes of Bill Rhodes Honey (FL), along with Beyond PesticidesCenter for Food SafetyPesticide Action Network North AmericaSierra Club, and the Center for Environmental Health. Paul Towers of the Pesticide Action Network argues that low-level exposure to neonics from millions of acres of seed-treated crops may weaken honeybee hives:  rather than killing them outright, disorientation, reduced ability to gather food, impaired memory and learning, and lack of ability to communicate with other bees instead kills them slowly.  Bayer CropScience, the biggest seller of these pesticides, insists that most studies show that neonics are safe.  Yet the company is developing a waxy substitute for powder, which could reduce the amount of neonics released from corn planters by 50 percent. France, Germany and Italy have limited or banned the use of neonicotinoids to  protect honeybees after the European  Food Safety Authority found that they pose an unacceptably high  risk to bees and that industry science may be flawed.

Can You Legally Break a Window to Save a Dog?

Save a Dog!!!!!

Pet dog left in hot car during summer heat

Each summer, news of children and pets left in hot cars grow, reminding us to be vigilant. According to the National Weather Service, the inside of a vehicle can reach 109 degrees Fahrenheit in just 20 minutes when the temperature outside is 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

If you ever see a child left unattended in a car, it’s important to act quickly, as heat stroke can occur in a matter of minutes. It is widely accepted that a person may use force—such as breaking a window—to save a child from a hot vehicle, without fear of legal consequence, if they believe the child’s life is in immediate danger.

However, while you may be compelled to act similarly to free a dog from a hot car, the law may not be so forgiving.

Can You Break a Car Window to Save an Animal?

It is more common for pet owners to leave a dog unattended in a vehicle than a child, and on a hot day, an animal is as much at risk of heatstroke as a child.

However, only 13 states, including Wisconsin, currently have a Good Samaritan “hot car law” that allows private citizens to take matters into their own hands to save an animal. The restrictions on this right vary for each state. You can see if your state is on the list here.

Wisconsin’s Good Samaritan Law

If you are in Wisconsin, then you may legally be able to save a domestic animal that is in a motor vehicle. A domestic animal is defined as a dog, cat, or another animal that is kept as a household pet. It does not include farm animals.

You will be immune from civil liability for property damage or personal injury that results from your forcible entry into the vehicle only if all of the following are true:

  • You had a good faith belief that the person or domestic animal in the vehicle was in imminent danger of suffering bodily harm unless the person or animal was removed from the vehicle.
  • The vehicle was locked, and forcible entry was necessary to remove the person or animal from the vehicle.
  • You called 911 or contacted law enforcement, emergency medical services, or animal control before forcibly entering the vehicle.
  • You stayed with the person or animal until a law enforcement officer, emergency medical service provider, animal control officer, or another emergency medical responder arrived.
  • You used no more force than you reasonably believed to be necessary to enter the vehicle to remove the person or animal or to allow the person or animal to exit the vehicle.
  • If you left the scene before the owner or driver of the vehicle came back, you put a notice on the windshield of the vehicle that included your name, telephone number, mailing address, reason for entering the vehicle, and (if you know) the location of the person or animal when you left the scene.

In other states, if you break another person’s car window, the vehicle’s owner could sue for damages, and if property damage exceeds a certain amount, you may face criminal charges for destruction of personal property. According to the Animal Legal Defense Fund, “animals are property in every jurisdiction, so taking an animal from another’s vehicle could trigger theft, burglary, trespassing to property, and conversion of property charge—among others.”

What to Do If You See an Animal in a Hot Car

Regardless of where you are, you can:

  1. Call 911, public safety or a humane officer.
  2. Know the signs of heatstroke and let the authority you contact know if you fear the animal is in immediate danger. Heatstroke symptoms include excessive panting, seizures, bloody diarrhea, bloody vomiting, and stupor.
  3. Try to find the owner of the vehicle.
  4. Shade the animal through the window until authorities arrive.

If you choose to take matters into your own hands to save an animal from a hot car, just know that you may face legal repercussions for doing so unless you do so according to specific terms set out in state law.

The safest course of action is always to call 911. For information about what to do if you see a CHILD left in a hot car, read our article about Vehicle Heatstroke Awareness. For more information about this topic, you can contact the experienced attorneys at Hupy and Abraham by calling 800-800-5678 or by starting a live chat 24/7!

https://www.hupy.com/library/can-you-legally-break-a-window-to-save-a-dog-.cfm

State lottery fix in 1980

666 an infamous mark of state lottery fix in 1980

It took awhile before April 24, 1980, became recognized as a historic date.

The 6 million Pennsylvanians watching the Pennsylvania Lottery’s Daily Number drawing that night never knew that the fix was in for the $3.5 million jackpot. The winning combination of 6-6-6 was rigged by Nick Perry, a Pittsburgh broadcast pioneer, and Edward Plevel, a lottery official.

Rumors of a fix quickly surfaced. By June, state officials moved the lottery telecast out of Pittsburgh, and within a year Perry and several others were convicted. Pennsylvania’s is the only known U.S. state lottery-fixing scandal.

The fix caused big change for lotteries, which stopped using Ping-Pong balls to draw numbers for big jackpot games because they were vulnerable to tampering, said Charles Strutt, executive director of the Multi-State Lottery Association, which oversees Powerball.

The lottery balls and machines had been kept in a room at WTAE studios. The room was locked with two keys. Perry had one key and Plevel had the other. The pair experimented with baby powder, talcum powder, sugar and Vaseline before injecting most of the balls with white latex paint.

They weighted all the balls except those numbered 4 and 6, so only those numbers were light enough to be picked by the machines. Then, with several partners, they bet heavily on combinations of those two numbers.

“Every lottery that starts up hears that story,” said Strutt.

“We work with people who have a great imagination of how to cheat,” he added. “We work to make sure we can come up with the ideas before anyone else does.”

Two months after the fix, state officials moved the broadcasts to Harrisburg, where they remain.

Three security officials, a certified public accountant, another accountant and two senior citizen witnesses attend each drawing to ensure fairness, said Elizabeth Brassell, a spokeswoman with the state Department of Revenue, which oversees the lottery.

“It would be virtually impossible” to rig the numbers now, Brassell said.

Perry had been a signature voice for WTAE. After his 1981 conviction, he spent two years in prison and another year in a half-way house. He briefly returned to television and died from Parkinson’s disease at age 86 in 2003.

Additional Information:

Pitt fact

The Pennsylvania Lottery expects to spend $900,000 to broadcast lottery drawings this year. What is its security budget?

A) $1.3 million

B) $523,000

C) $622,000

D) $4.1 million

Answer: C

https://archive.triblive.com/news/666-an-infamous-mark-of-state-lottery-fix-in-1980/

One of my favorite poems:

Mr. Nobody

BY ANONYMOUS

I know a funny little man, 
    As quiet as a mouse, 
Who does the mischief that is done 
    In everybody’s house! 
There’s no one ever sees his face, 
    And yet we all agree 
That every plate we break was cracked 
    By Mr. Nobody. 

’Tis he who always tears out books, 
    Who leaves the door ajar, 
He pulls the buttons from our shirts, 
    And scatters pins afar; 
That squeaking door will always squeak, 
    For prithee, don’t you see, 
We leave the oiling to be done 
    By Mr. Nobody. 

He puts damp wood upon the fire
   That kettles cannot boil;
His are the feet that bring in mud,
   And all the carpets soil.
The papers always are mislaid;
   Who had them last, but he?
There’s no one tosses them about
   But Mr. Nobody.

The finger marks upon the door 
    By none of us are made; 
We never leave the blinds unclosed, 
    To let the curtains fade. 
The ink we never spill;   the boots 
    That lying round you see 
Are not our boots,—they all belong 
    To Mr. Nobody.

Can Your Dog Swim? Why Some Dog Breeds Can’t Swim

Can Your Dog Swim? Why Some Dog Breeds Can't Swim

To many dog owners, ‘can your dog swim?’ seems like a fairly odd question. We are generally led to believe that all dogs can swim, as a general rule. While it’s true that upon hitting the water, all dogs will naturally begin to paddle and make the swimming motions that should propel them and keep them afloat, the fact of the matter is, not all dogs can, in reality, swim and keep their heads above water at the same time. Swimming is not viable for these dogs, due to the very real risk of drowning. Confused? You’re probably not alone! Read on to learn more.

Why can’t some dogs swim?

There are various reasons for some dogs not being able to swim, and all of them are breed or type specific; that is, to do with the anatomy and physiology of the dog in question rather than a literal inability to make paddling movements with their legs. There are two main reasons for which certain types of dogs cannot swim, or are more likely to be unable to swim than other breeds, detailed below.

Brachycephalic dogs

Brachycephalic dogs are dogs which have a very short muzzle, leading to the squashed up, flat facial expression of dogs such as pugs, boxers, and bulldogs. Brachycephalic dogs are unable to swim with ease or to stay afloat properly because in order to be able to keep their nose and mouth above the waterline, they must tilt their head upwards; which leads to their back end pointing downwards and them taking on an almost vertical position in the water, which causes them to sink. The flatter a dog’s muzzle is, the greater a problem they will have; some dogs of brachycephalic breeds which have comparatively longer muzzles may be able to successfully swim to some degree.
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Dogs with disproportionately large or heavy heads

Breed standards and the perceived show-standard desirable traits of some breeds and types of dog dictate that the head of the dog should be proportionately large compared to the body. The most obvious example of this is in the bulldog, whose heads are so large that they must deliver their young via caesarean section. Several other breeds also have a particularly large head with a dense bone structure, and are similarly affected. Having a head which is large and heavy proportionately to the body, as well as having a dense and heavy muscle mass, means that when floating in the water the dog naturally tips forwards due to the weight of the head, meaning that they are unable to keep their heads above the water and lose buoyancy. As with the brachycephalic dogs mentioned above, there are always some exceptions; smaller, lighter dogs of a given breed whose head is proportionately more in balance with their body may manage swimming without too much difficulty, although with bulldogs this is highly unlikely. As well as these two main reasons for a dog not being able to swim, there are other possible factors which might hinder a dog’s swimming ability too; dogs with particularly short legs, such as the Dachshund, find it hard to stay buoyant in the water, and dogs of any breed which have lost a limb due to an amputation or accident will be unable to stay balanced when floating.

Which dog breeds cannot swim?

While this list endeavours to be inclusive of the main breeds and types of dogs which almost without exception cannot swim, do not assume that just because a dog is not on the list, they will be able to manage! Every dog should be taken on a case by case basis and carefully supervised around water until they have proven their willingness and ability to swim!

  • The Bulldog. The Bulldog is unable to swim by virtue of the fact that they are both brachycephalic, and have a disproportionately large head. A bulldog placed in water, will literally sink like a stone.
  • The Pug. Pugs have an exaggeratedly flat face, meaning that they cannot keep their muzzles above water and swim at the same time.
  • The Pekingese. These dogs cannot keep their muzzles above the waterline while in a position to swim.
  • The Boxer. Most boxers are unable to swim for the same reason as pugs; although some boxers with longer muzzles may manage.
  • The Staffordshire bull terrier. Staffys as a general rule (although there are exceptions) cannot swim, due to the size and weight of their head proportionately to their bodies.
  • American bull terrier and American bulldog. Like the Staffy, these dogs have a similar build and are unable to keep their head up in the water and remain buoyant.
  • The Basset hound. Bassets have short legs, large heads and a dense bone structure; making them generally unable to stay afloat.
  • The Dachshund. Dachshunds have very short legs, which makes it very hard for them to paddle effectively.
  • All other breeds and types of brachycephalic dogs are likely to find it difficult or impossible to swim.
  • All top heavy, densely muscled dogs with large heads are likely to find it difficult or impossible to swim.
  • Dogs with incredibly thick, heavy coats may struggle in the water due to the weight of their coat when wet, which can drag them down.

How to keep a non-swimming dog safe around water

If you know that your dog cannot swim or suspect that they may find it difficult or impossible, keeping your dog safe around water is of course vitally important. Make sure that your dog cannot gain access to any pond, stream or lake which is deeper than their chest level, either at home or out on walks. If you will be visiting the seaside, going out on a boat either at sea or on the inland waterways, or are going to be around deep water with your dog, you can keep them safe by buying or hiring a special doggy lifejacket. Stay safe!

https://www.pets4homes.co.uk/pet-advice/can-your-dog-swim-why-some-dog-breeds-cant-swim.html

17 Interesting Facts About The Guinness Book of World Records

the guinness book of world records

Here are 17 Kickass and Interesting facts about The Guinness Book of World Records

1-5 Kickass and interesting facts about Guinness World Records

too much work

1. It took 13 and a half 90-hour weeks, including weekends and bank holidays, to finish the first edition of the Guinness Book of World Records.

2.The Guinness Book of World Records was originally published by Guinness Breweries.

3. It was created because the creator became involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe.

4. The founder of the Guinness Book of World Records, Ross McWhirter, was murdered by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1975.

5. Guinness World Records receives 50,000 applications annually out of which only 1,000 make the cut.

6-10 Kickass and interesting facts about Guinness World Records

Jonathan Lee Riches

6. In 2009, Jonathan Lee Riches sued the Guinness Book of World Records when he heard that they were about to name him as “The Most Litigious Man in the World”.

7. The record for most Guinness World Records is held by Ashrita Furman.

8. “Longest DJ marathon”, “the Heaviest item lifted with glue” and “the Most apples bobbed in one minute” are some of the most frequently broken records.

9. There are special guidelines for food-related titles. According to Guinness World Records, food used for these titles must be “either consumed or distributed for consumption after it has been measured.”.

10. With sales of more than 100 million copies in 100 different countries and 37 languages, Guinness World Records is the world’s best-selling copyright book ever.

11-17 Kickass and interesting facts about Guinness World Records

police-library

11.The Guinness Book of World Records holds the world record for being the most stolen book from public libraries.

12. It is the world’s most sold copyrighted book and holds a record for this in the book.

13. Iran tried to get into the Guinness Book of World Records by making the world’s largest sandwich. But before it could be officially measured, people started eating it and hence they failed.

14. The presidential election of 1927 in Liberia is listed as “the most fraudulent election reported in history” in the Guinness Book of World Records.

15. US president Barack Obama was a world record holder for “Fastest time to reach one million followers” for two whole weeks.

16. A man named Michel Lotito is in the Guinness Book of World Records for eating an entire airplane.

17. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the “Most Number of Fatalities in a Crocodile Attack” occurred during the battle of Ramree Island in WWII, when British marines forced Japanese soldiers into crocodile infested waters.

https://www.kickassfacts.com/17-interesting-facts-about-the-guinness-book-of-world-records/